Nine players were called up to the Les Bleus squad for the first time while, as expected, captain Thierry Dusautoir is rested - with Stade Francais lock Pascal Pape set to stand in as skipper.
Michalak, who has 54 caps to his name, last represented France in the 2010 Six Nations and has earned a recall on the back of his fine performances for South African Super 15 side Sharks.
France coach Philippe Saint-Andre said in L'Equipe: "He has played very well with the Sharks. He has played at the highest level and can play at either 9 or 10.
"I can assure you he is very motivated and made every effort to return to the France team. We need a player with great potential and tremendous charisma. It's natural for him to come back."
Among the nine uncapped are locks Antoine Guillamon, Yvan Watremez and Christophe Samson, centres Geoffrey Doumayrou and Romain Martial, hooker Christopher Tolofua, flanker Romain Taofifenua, scrum-half Maxime Machenaud and wing Brice Dulin.
France are scheduled to play Argentina in Cordoba on June 16 and June 23 in Tucuman.
France squad for the two-match tour:
Forwards: D Attoub (Stade Francais), V Debaty (Clermont), A Guillamon (Lyon), Y Watremez (Biarritz), C Tolofua (Toulouse), D Szarzewski (Stade Francais), Y Maestri (Toulouse), C Samson (Toulon), P Pape (Stade Francais, capt), R Taofifenua (Perpignan), A Lapandry (Clermont), W Lauret (Biarritz), F Ouedraogo (Montpellier), L Picamoles (Toulouse), R Lakafia (Biarritz).
Backs: M Parra (Clermont), F Trinh-Duc (Montpellier), M Mermoz (Perpignan), F Michalak (Sharks), M Machenaud (Agen), B Fall (Racing Metro), W Fofana (Clermont) Y Huget (Bayonne), F Fritz (Toulouse), G Doumayrou (Montpellier), B Dulin (Agen), R Martial (Castres), JM Buttin (Clermont).
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